Understand engine and transmission types
The engine and transmission determine much of a vehicle’s operation and behavior. Knowing their main characteristics makes it easier to interpret specifications and compare different options according to driving needs.
Internal combustion engines
Internal combustion engines use gasoline, diesel or other fuels to generate energy. Their operation depends on the combination of the engine, fuel delivery system, electronic management and emission control systems.
Hybrid engines
Hybrid systems combine a combustion engine with one or more electric motors. Depending on their configuration, they can use electrical energy under certain driving conditions and help reduce fuel consumption.
Electric motors
Electric motors use energy stored in batteries to generate movement. Their operation is characterized by immediate torque delivery and an architecture different from traditional combustion systems.
Manual transmissions
Manual transmissions allow the driver to select gear ratios using a lever and a clutch system. Their operation provides direct control over gear selection.
Automatic transmissions
Automatic transmissions select gear ratios through mechanical, hydraulic and electronic systems. Different designs exist, each with particular operating, efficiency and response characteristics.
CVT and dual-clutch transmissions
Continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) use a variable ratio to adapt engine operation to different driving conditions. Dual-clutch transmissions use two clutch assemblies to manage different ratios and make fast shifts.
How to choose according to your needs
The choice of powertrain and transmission depends on driving type, expected consumption, maintenance, performance and driver preferences. Compare the operation of the complete system, rather than engine power alone.
Understand your vehicle’s powertrain
Knowing the engine and transmission type makes it easier to interpret a vehicle’s specifications, understand its operation and assess which configuration best suits the intended use.